Pachycephalosaurus (Cretaceous)

Pachycephalosaurus is a thick-headed dinosaur of the Pachycephalosauridae family lived during the Cretaceous period 70 million years ago. Main habitat area was North America and Canada bushlands. The first reptile fossils were discovered in 1859 near the Missouri River. At that time scientists had difficulties identifying it, but in 1943 a perfectly saved skull was recovered which allowed it to be identified accurately.
In fact, a huge 25-centimetres bony ball-like dome crowned Pachycephalosaurus’ head. The rear part of the dome was edged with bony knobs and short spikes. This ancient reptile had excellent binocular vision due to its large eye sockets. A muzzle with jaws full of small, serrated blade-like teeth ended up with a pointed beak. It moved on two powerful limbs, weighed 1000 kilograms and was about 4.5 m long.
It fed on small plants such as leaves, seeds, and fruits. From time to time, it included the meat of small reptiles, mammals and shell-less ones in its diet. The reptile required big feed amounts as it used its head for antagonistic fighting against predators or for attracting females. Picking up speed, Pachycephalosaurus leant forward to straighten its body horizontally, and charged at the enemy like a truck, putting all its massive body strength and weight for maximum impact. . A head-butt, absorbed by the strong backbone, could bring a contender down.