Persian miniature illustrating the construction of Khawarnaq
“The Building of the Famous Castle of Khawarnaq,” miniature by Behzād, c. 1494, from the Khamseh of Neẓāmī; in the British Library. Khawarnaq was a medieval castle constructed by the Arab Lakhmids near their capital of al-Hira. The castle is mentioned in both Arabic and Persian sources, albeit it is difficult to determine what information is historical and what is myth.